SOURCES & NOTES
1. Real estate is the largest destination for AIF capital in India — ₹1.29 lakh crore cumulatively by March 2026.
2. AIFs fill the space between bank debt and developer equity, and the gap is widest between buying land and launching a project, where banks cannot lend.
3. Clearer rules: RBI caps on how much banks and NBFCs can invest in an AIF scheme (from 1 January 2026) and SEBI’s independent-valuation regime make the channel more institutional.
4. The role is shifting from capital provider to partner — structuring, governance and discipline, not just capital.
IN THIS ISSUE
01
The land-to-launch gap
Why the stage before launch matters most.
Suren Goyal · Founder & Managing Partner
02
The road ahead
What changes for developers and investors.
Rakesh Gupta · Sponsor
03
Moving beyond traditional debt and equity
Where AIF capital sits on the spectrum.
Akhil Singla · Managing Partner
04
A regulatory framework bringing greater confidence
RBI limits on bank and NBFC investment in AIFs.
05
A new source of capital
What the numbers show.
Kushagra Sinha · Market Analyst
SEPTEMBER 2026
Beyond Banks
How AIFs are creating a new capital stack for real estate
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Suren Goyal
Partner, RPS Group
Partner, RPS Group
Market commentary
· Section 01

Rakesh Gupta
Sponsor
Sponsor
From the sponsor
· Section 02

Akhil Singla
Managing Partner
Managing Partner
Financial analysis
· Section 03

Supriya Handa
Advisor
Advisor
Strategy
· Section 04

Kushagra Sinha
Market Analyst
Market Analyst
Market reports
· Section 05
The Land to Launch Gap: A New Opportunity for Capital
Suren Goyal · Founder & Managing Partner
Suren Goyal · Founder & Managing Partner
A developer may have access to land but require substantial capital for acquisition, approvals, planning, design, statutory compliances and pre-launch activities before conventional project finance becomes available. AIF capital can potentially bridge this critical phase and enable the project to move from land ownership to monetisation more efficiently.
The opportunity is not simply about providing more capital; it is about providing the right capital at the right stage. Land acquisition typically represents one of the largest upfront investments in a real estate project, while traditional construction finance often becomes available only after the project achieves a certain level of approvals, sales visibility and financial closure. This creates a funding gap where developers may have a viable development opportunity but insufficient flexible capital to take the project to launch.
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Fig. 1 - Conventional finance arrives after the licence. The stage before it has no natural founder
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This is where specialised investment platforms and AIF structures can play an important role.
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“Brickklin aims to create a platform where developers and investors can come together to bridge the critical gap between land acquisition and project launch. By bringing institutional capital into this early stage of the development cycle, we seek to unlock projects that have strong fundamentals but require flexible capital to move forward. The objective is not merely to fund projects, but to structure capital so that developers and investors carry the same risks, in the same order, at every stage of the development cycle.”
“Brickklin aims to create a platform where developers and investors can come together to bridge the critical gap between land acquisition and project launch. By bringing institutional capital into this early stage of the development cycle, we seek to unlock projects that have strong fundamentals but require flexible capital to move forward. The objective is not merely to fund projects, but to structure capital so that developers and investors carry the same risks, in the same order, at every stage of the development cycle.”
“Brickklin aims to create a platform where developers and investors can come together to bridge the critical gap between land acquisition and project launch. By bringing institutional capital into this early stage of the development cycle, we seek to unlock projects that have strong fundamentals but require flexible capital to move forward. The objective is not merely to fund projects, but to structure capital so that developers and investors carry the same risks, in the same order, at every stage of the development cycle.”
Suren Goyal · Founder & Managing Partner
Suren Goyal · Founder & Managing Partner
The model can create a more efficient ecosystem in which developers contribute their land, development expertise and execution capabilities, while investors contribute the capital required to unlock the project’s development potential.
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Value accrues in stages, not in a single move.
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India’s real estate sector is entering a phase where access to capital will increasingly determine which development opportunities can be successfully unlocked.
With AIFs becoming more institutionalised, regulatory frameworks becoming clearer and investors becoming more comfortable with structured real estate exposure, the role of alternative capital is likely to expand further.
The opportunity now lies in creating structures that align the interests of landowners, developers and investors — allowing each participant to contribute what they do best.
For developers, that could mean access to capital before traditional project finance becomes available. For investors, it could mean entering projects at an earlier stage of value creation. And for the broader real estate ecosystem, it could mean converting more land opportunities into viable, launched and revenue-generating projects.
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The next evolution of Indian real estate finance may therefore not be about replacing traditional capital — it may be about intelligently positioning AIF capital between land and launch, equity and debt, and opportunity and execution.
Sources: ANAROCK; Reserve Bank of India, AIF Investment Directions effective 1 January 2026; SEBI AIF reporting framework.
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Moving Beyond Traditional Debt and Equity
Akhil Singla · Managing Partner
Akhil Singla · Managing Partner
Akhil Singla · Managing Partner

Layers of a capital stack, each entering on different terms.
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For developers, the biggest advantage of AIF capital lies in its flexibility.
Traditional bank debt generally comes with stringent security requirements, defined leverage parameters and restrictions around the stage of development at which funding can be deployed. On the other hand, pure equity can be expensive from a dilution and return perspective.
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AIFs occupy the space between these two ends of the capital spectrum.
Depending on the structure, AIF capital can be deployed as:
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Mezzanine financing
Mezzanine financing
Mezzanine financing
Structured debt
Structured debt
Structured debt
Preferred equity
Preferred equity
Preferred equity
Last-mile funding
Last-mile funding
Last-mile funding
Land acquisition finance
Land acquisition finance
Land acquisition finance
Project-level capital
Project-level capital
Project-level capital
This allows developers to design a capital stack that better aligns with a project’s cash-flow profile. This becomes particularly relevant in the current real estate environment, where one of the most significant funding gaps often occurs between land acquisition and project launch.
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Regulatory Framework Bringing Greater Confidence

The plan above, the built form below. Regulation governs the passage between them
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The growth of AIFs is also being supported by greater regulatory clarity.
The RBI’s AIF Investment Directions, effective from January 1, 2026, prescribe concentration limits for investments by banks and NBFCs in individual AIF schemes. The cumulative investment by regulated entities in a single AIF scheme is capped at 20% of the scheme’s corpus, while the contribution from any single regulated entity is capped at 10%.
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For the AIF ecosystem, clearly defined concentration limits provide greater certainty around institutional participation. Fund managers can structure their fundraising strategies with a clearer understanding of the regulatory framework governing capital from banks and NBFCs.
Rather than restricting the evolution of AIFs, the framework can help establish AIFs as a more stable and institutionalised channel for capital deployment.
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A new source of capital
Kushagra Sinha · Market Analyst
Kushagra Sinha · Market Analyst
India’s real estate sector is witnessing a fundamental shift in the way developers access capital. Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs), once viewed as niche investment vehicles, have steadily evolved into an important source of institutional capital for real estate — bridging the gap between traditional bank financing and developer equity.
ANAROCK · as of 31 Dec 2024 (9M FY25)
ANAROCK · as of 31 Dec 2024 (9M FY25)
₹73,903 cr
Cumulative AIF investment in real estate — about 15% of the total and the largest of any sector, up 8% from ₹68,540 crore at March 2024.[1]
Cumulative AIF investment in real estate — about 15% of the total and the largest of any sector, up 8% from ₹68,540 crore at March 2024.[1]
SEBI data · as of 31 Mar 2026
SEBI data · as of 31 Mar 2026
SEBI data · as of 31 Mar 2026
₹1.29 lakh cr
Cumulative AIF investment in real estate — still the top sector, close to one in every five rupees invested by AIFs.[2]
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Cumulative AIF investment in real estate — still the top sector, close to one in every five rupees invested by AIFs.[2]
According to ANAROCK, cumulative AIF investment in real estate reached ₹73,903 crore by the end of the first nine months of FY2025, making real estate the largest sectoral allocation within India’s AIF ecosystem.[1] SEBI’s data for March 2026 show the lead has widened since. [2] The numbers reflect a broader structural change: institutional investors are increasingly looking at private real estate credit and structured investments as an attractive risk-adjusted asset class.
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This allows developers to design a capital stack that better aligns with a project’s cash-flow profile. This becomes particularly relevant in the current real estate environment, where one of the most significant funding gaps often occurs between land acquisition and project launch.
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Fig. 2 — Real estate is the single largest destination for AIF capital. Source: SEBI data as of 31 March 2026, via Cafe Mutual.[2]
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SOURCES & NOTES
1. ANAROCK Research, reported in Business Standard, “Realty leads AIF investments with ₹73,903 cr infusions till 9MFY25”, 21 April 2025. Cumulative net investment to 31 December 2024; share of total ≈15% (₹5,06,196 crore across sectors). Link
2. SEBI AIF data as of 31 March 2026, reported in Cafe Mutual, “Where do AIF managers invest?”, 13 July 2026 (sector figures and total of ₹6,76,365 crore), and Business Standard, “AIF commitments near ₹17 trn”, 25 June 2026 (real estate ₹1.29 trillion). Link · Link
3. Reserve Bank of India, directions on investment by regulated entities in AIFs, RBI/DOR/2025-26/138, 29 July 2025; effective 1 January 2026, with earlier adoption permitted. Summary
4. SEBI (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012, Regulation 23 (valuation of Category I and II AIF investments by an independent valuer at intervals not exceeding six months); SEBI circulars of 21 June 2023 and 19 September 2024 on the valuation framework and valuer eligibility. Summary
Figures are cumulative net investments as reported; series from different publishers are not strictly comparable. Fig. 1 is schematic. Nothing in this issue describes the terms, returns or performance of any Brickklin scheme.

GROUNDWORK
Monthly, from Brickklin.
Thesis, market signal, research and short notes for advisors and developers.